Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) Combined With Calorie-Restricted Diet and Semaglutide in Patients With Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age 18-60 years; 2. Body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m² and \<40 kg/m²; 3. Duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus \<1 year; 4. Non-smoker or smoking cessation \>3 months; 5. Voluntary signed informed consent with commitment to complete the entire study. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Complicated with severe hepatic or renal insufficiency (alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase \[ALT/AST\] \>3 times the upper limit of normal, or estimated glomerular filtration rate \[eGFR\] \<60 mL/min/1.73 m²); 2. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), or other organic intestinal diseases; autoimmune diseases, malignancies, or active infections; 3. Medication and intervention exclusions: Use of α-glucosidase inhibitors, antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), or probiotics/prebiotics within the past 3 months; bariatric surgery within the past 6 months; long-term use of immunosuppressants or glucocorticoids; 4. Others: Pregnant or lactating women; currently participating in other clinical trials.