Clinical trial

CT Body Composition as Predictor of Exercise Therapy Outcome in Peripheral Arterial Disease

Opening soon · Not applicable · 0 countries · Registry ID NCT07433309

Opening soonNot applicableObservational

What this study is about

Supervised exercise therapy (SET) is the recommended first treatment for patients with leg artery disease (peripheral arterial disease, PAD) causing pain when walking. However, approximately 40% of patients do not benefit meaningfully and go on to require a procedure to open the blocked arteries within three months. This study investigates whether body composition measurements - specifically the quality of muscle and the amount of belly fat - taken from a CT scan already performed as part of routine care, can identify before treatment begins which patients are unlikely to respond to exercise therapy. If confirmed, this approach would allow doctors to use information from a scan patients are already having, with no additional tests, to better match patients to the right treatment from the start.

A promising-looking record is not the same as confirmed eligibility. The study team must review the full criteria and current recruitment status.

Basic eligibility

Age18 Years to Not listed

SexAll

Healthy volunteersNot accepted

ConditionSarcopenia, Body Composition, Sarcopenic Obesity, Peripheral Arterial Disease

Full registry criteria

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 18 years or older * Confirmed peripheral arterial disease (PAD) defined by at least one of: resting ankle-brachial index (ABI) ≤0.90, duplex ultrasonography demonstrating ≥50% stenosis in a relevant lower extremity vessel, or CT angiography (CTA) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) demonstrating flow-limiting lower extremity arterial disease * Fontaine stage IIa or IIb intermittent claudication * Scheduled for the institutional 36-session supervised exercise therapy (SET) programme * Existing CTA with an axial slice at the L3 vertebral level suitable for automated body composition analysis * Capacity to provide written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Fontaine stage III or IV peripheral arterial disease (rest pain or tissue loss; critical limb-threatening ischaemia) * Ipsilateral lower extremity revascularisation within 6 months prior to enrolment * Absolute contraindication to structured exercise (e.g., unstable coronary artery disease, severe pulmonary hypertension, uncontrolled arrhythmia, or other condition precluding participation in a supervised treadmill and resistance exercise programme) * Cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination \[MMSE\] score \<24) * Active malignancy or systemic condition expected to substantially alter body composition independently of the exercise intervention during the study period * Estimated life expectancy less than 12 months

Treatments and study arms

SET physiotherapy

Procedure

36-session AHA 2019-concordant supervised exercise programme delivered over 12 weeks (3 sessions per week, 60 minutes each). Each session consists of 45 minutes of structured treadmill and resistance exercise plus 15 minutes of patient education on vascular risk factor management. Treadmill protocol: 3.2 km/h, walking to claudication pain level 3 on a four-point scale, resting to level 1, five to six cycles per session. Progression weeks 1-4: speed +0.3 km/h every two weeks (maximum 4.0 km/h); weeks 5-8: grade +1% every two weeks (maximum 3%). Resistance training from week 5 targeting major lower extremity muscle groups (progressing from 2 sets × 10 repetitions to 5 sets at \~70% one-repetition maximum). This is standard clinical care; the study does not allocate participants to exercise.

CT scan

Radiation

Single-slice CT body composition analysis at the L3 vertebral level, extracted opportunistically from existing diagnostic CT angiography. Segmentation performed using AutoMATiCA (U-Net convolutional neural network). Compartments quantified: skeletal muscle (-29 to +150 HU within muscle fascia mask), visceral adipose tissue (-150 to -50 HU within peritoneal cavity), subcutaneous adipose tissue (-190 to -30 HU exterior to body wall), and intramuscular adipose tissue (-190 to -30 HU within muscle fascia, exterior to individual muscle boundaries). A second dedicated CT acquisition is performed at 3 months (T1) for exploratory longitudinal analysis.

Primary outcomes

Composite supervised exercise therapy treatment success at 3 months3 months from enrolment (end of supervised exercise therapy programme)

Binary composite endpoint requiring both: (1) Functional improvement - absolute increase in maximum walking distance (MWD) ≥50 m OR relative increase ≥50% from baseline on standardised graded treadmill testing (3.2 km/h); AND (2) Revascularisation-free status - no endovascular or surgical lower extremity revascularisation during the 3-month programme period. Treatment success = both criteria met; treatment failure = failing either criterion. MWD assessed by trained physiotherapist blinded to CT body composition data. Revascularisation events independently adjudicated by a vascular surgeon blinded to body composition predictor values.

Study locations

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No public site location was included in this record. Check the original registry for updates.