Clinical trial
Metabolic Effects of Short-term Ultra-processed Food Intake (MEST-UPF)
Recruiting now · Not applicable · 1 countries · Registry ID NCT07213245
What this study is about
The overall aim of this project is to study the effects of short-term high ultra-processed food intake, compared to nutrient- and energy density matched low ultra-processed food (UPF) intake, on energy intake and appetite. A total of 24 men and women who meet all inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria will be invited to participate. A randomized 2\*2 factorial four-way crossover study will be conducted at the Department of Internal medicine and Clinical Nutrition at the University of Gothenburg, comparing a high-UPF meal to a low-UPF meal also with high and/or low energy density. A supervised breakfast meal will be served, and postprandial blood samples and appetite measures will be collected continuously up to 4 hours after the breakfast meal. Subsequently, an ad libitum lunch meal will be served, and energy intake will be recorded.
Basic eligibility
Full registry criteria
Treatments and study arms
Meal high in energy density, high in ultra-processed food
Meal high in energy density, high in ultra-processed food
Meal high in energy density, low in ultra-processed food
Meal high in energy density, low in ultra-processed food
Meal low in energy density, high in ultra-processed food
Meal low in energy density, high in ultra-processed food
Meal low in energy density, low in ultra-processed food
Meal low in energy density, low in ultra-processed food
Primary outcomes
Appetite ratings (hunger, fullness, and desire to eat) will be assessed using separate 100-mm Visual Analogue Scales (VAS), anchored with "not at all" (0 mm) and "extremely" (100 mm). Higher scores indicate greater perceived intensity.
Energy intake estimated by nutrient calculation of leftover food at the ad libitum lunch meal
Difference between groups in incretins GIP and GLP-1 in response to meal
Difference between groups in cholecystokinin in response to meal
Difference between groups in peptide YY (PYY) in response to meal
Difference between groups in ghrelin in response to meal
Study locations
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