Semaglutide's Weight Loss Effects in Obesity

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 18-60 years * BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² * At least one self-reported unsuccessful attempt at lifestyle weight loss Exclusion Criteria: * Weight change (self-reported) \> 5% in the past 3 months prior to screening * Use of any medication for obesity indication in the past 3 months prior to screening. * Use of antidiabetic medications in the past 3 months, or HbA1c ≥ 6.5%, or a history of Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes. * Use of immunosuppressants, corticosteroids, antidiarrheal drugs, antibiotics, probiotics, lipid-lowering medications, and/or other gastrointestinal motility drugs in the past 3 months prior to screening. * A history of endocrine-related overweight or obesity diagnoses, such as Cushing's syndrome. * Triglycerides ≥ 500 mg/dL (5.65 mmol/L) at screening. * Known clinically significant gastric emptying abnormalities (e.g., severe diabetic gastroparesis or gastric outlet obstruction), gastrointestinal diseases, or surgical history. * Thyroid dysfunction. * History of mental illness. * History or family history of multiple endocrine neoplasia or medullary thyroid cancer, or calcitonin ≥ 6 pg/mL. * Abnormal liver function at screening, defined as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and/or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) \> 3\*ULN. * Abnormal kidney function at screening, defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) \< 60 mL/min/1.75m². * History of cardiovascular disease. * History of malignancy. * Pregnancy or breastfeeding. * Any other physiological, psychological, or other conditions deemed by the investigator as unsuitable for participation in the trial.